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Attitude of an appellate court to a trial court's use of the words 'I believe', 'I do not believe' and 'I find as of a fact'
Attitude of appellate court to primary findings of facts and secondary findings of facts
Effect of a finding of fact not appealed against
Effect of a speculative finding of fact
Effect of a trial magistrate to make findings of fact
Effect of failure by a respondent to appeal against findings of fact made by the trial judge
Effect of failure of a trial court to make findings of fact
Effect of failure of the trial judge failing to make a finding of fact on conflicting evidence
Effect of failure of the trial judge to resolve findings of fact
Effect of failure to attack findings of fact resulting in the conviction and sentence of the appellant
Effect of finding based on inadmissible evidence
Effect of finding of fact not appealed against
Effect of findings of fact against which no specific complaint is made
Effect of unchallenged findings of fact
How a finding is made
Limitation of the power of an appellate court to make findings based on the credibility of witnesses
Meaning of a finding of fact
Meaning of a finding of fact
Need for an appellant to attack the findings of fact by the trial court and not to repeat the case he presented before the lower court on appeal
Need for findings of fact to be supported by evidence
Need for the trial judge to make findings of fact where the resolution of issues of law depends on such findings
Presumption in favour of findings of fact by a trial court
Presumption of the correctness of findings of facts
Principles governing a review of the facts by an appellate court
Stages involved in making a finding of fact
Test to be satisfied by a finding of fact in a criminal proceeding
The position of the law with respect to the primary facts which a trial judge might find as having been proved
The presumption that a specific finding of fact that is neither challenged nor controverted is correct
The principle that a finding of a court of competent jurisdiction remains valid until set aside on appeal
The principle that a finding of crime based on circumstantial evidence must lead to only one conclusion
The proper course to be taken by the 2nd appellate court where there are conflicting findings
The rule that findings of fact must not be based on speculation
The rule that the finding of a trial Judge must be supported by concrete and real evidence and not speculation
The rule that the trial court has the primary responsibility for finding facts in a matter
Types of findings of facts
What amounts to a finding of fact?
What finding of fact by a trial judge entails
What finding of fact entails
What must be proved to succeed in an appeal against findings of fact
When a finding of fact can emerge
When a finding of fact will be deemed perverse
When a finding of fact will be presumed to be correct
When a trial judge's finding of fact will be unassailable
When the appellate court will intervene
Whether an appellate court can draw inferences from established facts
Whether an appellate court can make a finding of fact
Whether an appellate court can make findings of fact which the lower court failed to make
Whether an appellate court can make findings which are not borne out of the record
Whether an appellate court can make fresh findings of fact
Whether an appellate court can make inferences from its specific findings of fact and arrive at its conclusion
Whether an appellate court can pronounce on finding of fact of the lower court not appealed against
Whether an appellate court is in the same position as the trial court with respect to drawing inferences from primary facts
Whether a trial court can make findings of fact at the close of the case for the prosecution
Whether a trial judge can record his findings before indicating which side he believed
Whether a well-reasoned judgment is conclusive proof of the correctness of findings of facts
Whether findings of fact are sacrosanct
Whether identification of an accused is a fact which a trial court is required to make finding on
Whether the absence of a reasoned judgment embodying actual findings is conclusive proof of the correctness or otherwise of those findings
Whether the judgment of an appellate court is invalid because it set aside the findings of the lower court but failed to make its own findings
Whether the Supreme Court can make an assessment of the case where the lower courts have made different findings of fact
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