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Acts which amount to indirect contempt of court
Attitude of the court to making findings of contempt of court
Categories of contempt
Components of the offence of contempt
Contempt of court under Order 54A Rules 5(1) & (2) of CI 47
Distinction between civil and criminal contempt
Distinction between contempt of court and interlocutory injunction
Distinction between direct and indirect contempt
Effect of disobedience to an order of the court
Effect of failure of the applicant to establish a prima facie case
Effect of purging oneself of contempt
Elements constituting the offence of contempt
Elements that must be established in cases of wilful disobedience of an order or judgment of the court
How a charge of contempt of court should be proved
How a defence to an allegation of contempt of court should be evaluated
How contempt applications in a cause or matter affecting chieftaincy should be treated
How contempt committed in the traditional courts can be punished
How the power to punish for contempt should be exercised
Ingredients of contempt of court
Meaning and nature of contempt of court
Meaning of contempt of court
Nature of committal proceedings
Nature of contempt of court
Nature of contempt which comes within the provisions of article 72 of the Constitution
Need for a contemnor to know precisely what he was expected to refrain from doing
Need for the court to be satisfied that the order allegedly disobeyed was clear and unambiguous
Need for the plaintiff to adduce further evidence outside affidavit evidence where the defendant denies the allegation of contempt
On proof of contempt of court
Position of the law where the affidavit evidence presented rival depositions in an application for contempt
Power of the court to punish for contempt
Principles guiding the imposition of sentence for contempt of court
Purpose of the law of contempt
Purpose of the power to punish for contempt
Scope of the powers of the courts to punish for contempt under the 1992 Constitution
The basis for contempt applications
The first essential element to be proved in a contempt application
The liability of a company and its officers where the company is cited for contempt
The most essential element of contempt of court
The non-codified nature of the offence of contempt
The normal sanction for contempt
The objective of the offence of contempt of court
The position of the law on contempt of court
The principle that a contempt application is a quasi-criminal relief
the principle that a copy of a court order must be personally served on a party against whom an action for contempt may be brought
The principle that contempt is treated the same as a criminal offence and the supporting affidavit is also treated the same as a charge sheet.
The principle that contempt of court is a quasi-criminal offence
The principle that whether an order is executable or not is irrelevant for the determination of whether a person can be committed for contempt of court
The procedure prescribed by section 26(7) of Act 370 for the punishment for contempt of court
The punishment for contempt
The punishment for contempt of court
The rationale for punishment for contempt of court
The rationale for requiring the presumption of innocence along with the standard of proof beyond reasonable doubt in a charge of contempt
The rule that a person in contempt cannot be heard until he has purged his contempt; exceptions
The rule that contempt is against the Court and not the hurt or feelings of individuals/litigants
The rule that it is no defence to a charge of contempt for a party to prove he did not intend to commit contempt of Court
The rule that the order sought to be enforced should be unambiguous and the party must be aware of the order and must be clearly understood by the party concerned
The rule that there must be shown to be a judgment or order of a Court requiring the contemnor to do or restraining from doing something and that the judgment or order alleged to have been breached was clear and unambiguous
Ways in which a respondent can be found guilty of contempt of court
Ways in which contempt of court may be committed
What amounts to contempt of court
What an applicant for contempt must do
What constitutes contempt of court
What disobedience to a judgment or order of the Court connotes
What the applicant must prove to establish contempt of court
When a finding of contempt of court should be made
When a person will be in contempt of a court
When a person will be said to have committed contempt
When the acts of the defendant will constitute contempt of court
When the court will punish a breach of injunction as contempt
When the respondent in a contempt application will have a case to answer
Whether abuse of court process can crystallise into contempt of court
Whether a certificate is required where a party initiates a contempt application from a judicial committee
Whether a charge of contempt will arise where there is a judgment subsisting and the person who is injuriously affected by the said judgment goes to another court to issue a writ for substantially the same reliefs in either the same court or different court
Whether a chief can be convicted for contempt of court
Whether a committal order must conform to the procedure for committal of contempt of court
Whether a company can be cited for contempt of court
Whether a contempt application is a separate suit
Whether a contempt application is a substantive one
Whether a conviction for contempt of court can be based on a baseless application
Whether a conviction for contempt of court can be based on conjecture or speculation
Whether a court convicting for contempt is acting constitutionally
Whether a judge of the High Court can commit for the contempt of another
Whether a judge who is personally interested in a matter or against whom contempt has been committed should adjudicate over the matter
Whether a libellous publication can amount to contempt of court
Whether an act must be a wilful disobedience of an order of court to constitute contempt
Whether an admission of the factual allegations constitutes an admission of liability in contempt
Whether an admission or proof of factual allegations implies an admission of liability in contempt
Whether an affidavit can be sworn to by a deponent who deposes to matters that are hearsay in a contempt application
Whether an appeal from an order punishing contempt lies the the criminal division of the appellate court
Whether an applicant in contempt proceedings is permitted to use the name of the Republic
Whether an applicant in contempt proceedings is required to establish a prima facie case
Whether an application for contempt can be based on an allegation of interfering with the fair administration of justice
Whether an application for contempt can be made against a corporate entity
Whether an application for contempt must be filed before the lower court before the record of appeal is transmitted
Whether an application for contempt of court must always arise from a failure to obey a court order
Whether an inability to obey an order of the court amounts to contempt of court
Whether an inferior tribunal has power to commit for contempt
Whether an investigation of a complaint and an arrest subsequent thereon by a Police Officer can constitute contempt of court
Whether an order of ejectment can be made for contempt of court
Whether an undertaking given in court on behalf of a person without his knowledge and not communicated to him can be enforced by the process of contempt
Whether an unpurged contemnor can be heard in proceedings bordering on jurisdiction
Whether a party can charge his adversary with being in contempt of court if such contempt is not brought to the notice of the court by any of the known processes for attaching a party for the contempt
Whether a party can disobey an order of the court on the ground that the order or process is null and void, or erroneous, or improvidently made
Whether a party's refusal to make discoveries amounts to contempt of court
Whether a party to a proceedings can refer a contempt matter in a case before the Traditional Council to the High Court
Whether a party who has no knowledge of the order of the court can be guilty of contempt
Whether a party will be guilty of contempt where he conducts himself in a manner that would defeat a ruling or judgment in a matter that is subjudice
Whether a person can be convicted of contempt where the process filed failed to disclose the orders not obeyed
Whether a person can be guilty of contempt in circumstances which do not involve an enforceable relief
Whether a person can be held in contempt of an order where he did not have notice of the order
Whether a person facing contempt of court must be served personally
Whether a person in contempt is presumed guilty and required to show cause why he should not be committed to prison
Whether a person must be served with the order of the court before he can be convicted for contempt
Whether a person not a party to a suit can be found guilty of contempt of court
Whether a person’s belief in the wrongful nature of a court order against him is a defence to a charge of contempt of court
Whether a person who is not a party to a suit must be served with the judgment/order of the court and a penal notice before he can be found guilty of contempt
Whether a previous process for contempt and the court's ruling can be used in a subsequent application for contempt
Whether article 72 of the constitution applies only to convictions based on the criminal statute
Whether a suitor can cite the respondent for contempt
Whether a twenty-year-old interlocutory order can ground contempt of court
Whether a writing must refer to the subject-matter of the pending proceedings to constitute contempt
Whether calling a judge a liar amounts to contempt of court
Whether contempt applications must be initiated in the name of the Republic
Whether contempt can be committed where there is no specific order of the court that has been violated
Whether contempt includes personal abuse of a judge
Whether contempt may be committed in a pending court proceedings when no order or judgment has been handed down in that case
Whether contempt of court assumes the character of an absolute liability
Whether contempt of court can be grounded on an invalid entry of judgment
Whether contempt of court consists only in the disobedience of a court order
Whether contempt of court is an offence in the context of article 72(1) of the 1992 Constitution
Whether contempt of court is limited to only situations where an order of the court is violated
Whether contempt of court may arise in non-executable orders
Whether contempt of court must necessarily relate to any proceeding pending in court
Whether criticism of a judgment amounts to contempt of court
Whether every division of the High Court has power to issue contempt summons for persons to appear before it to answer to the charges of contempt
Whether failure to take a step in a proceedings amounts to contempt of court
Whether imputation of lack of impartiality in a judge is contempt
Whether innuendoes are sufficient to establish contempt
Whether it is a defense to a charge of contempt for a party to prove that he did not intend to commit contempt of court
Whether lack of knowledge of a court order/judgment or a pending application is a defence in a contempt proceedings
Whether non-compliance with an order which amounted to contempt of court can be justified on the ground that the said order was irregularly made or bad in law
Whether non-parties to an action can be held guilty of contempt
Whether obtaining an unauthenticated and uncertified copy of the judgment and publishing it amounts to contempt
Whether only contempt in facie curiae is punishable under the law
Whether or not an appellate court has an inherent jurisdiction to release a person committed to prison for contempt of its orders
Whether or not a person against whom judgment is given for money payment and who defaults in meeting the judgment debt would be committed for contempt
Whether or not a third party can be guilty of contempt
Whether or not contempt applications are decided solely on affidavit evidence
Whether or not false statements/representations made to the court constitutes contempt
Whether or not in order to justify the committal of a person for breach of an injunction it is necessary for the order granting the injunction to have been served on the party
Whether or not superior courts have the power to punish a person for contempt notwithstanding that the acts or omissions constituting it is not defined in a written law
Whether or not the High Court has jurisdiction to entertain a contempt application where the alleged contempt is said to have been committed at the Supreme Court
Whether previous contempt proceedings can be used to sustain a case of contempt
Whether scurrilous abuse of a judge amounts to contempt of court
Whether the absence of a specific law on contempt in Ghana violates the principle that there must not be crime or punishment except in accordance with fixed or pre‐determined law
Whether the court's contempt powers can be used by litigants to settle personal scores
Whether the distinction between civil and criminal contempt is material
Whether the forum for the trial of contempt is determinable by the choice of procedure
Whether the High Court has jurisdiction to punish for contempt committed before the Court of Appeal
Whether the High Court is the proper forum to commence original proceedings for contempt of the superior courts
Whether the High Court is the proper forum to entertain contempt applications from Judicial Committees of Traditional Councils
Whether the Managing Director of a corporation can be sued for contempt
Whether the offending acts of contempt must be dealt with separately
Whether the order of the court which is the subject of a contempt proceeding must be entered in the form of entry of order
Whether the penalty of a recognisance bond can be imposed for contempt of court
Whether the power of the superior courts to punish for contempt can be exercised jointly
Whether there must be actual notice of the order in respect of which contempt is alleged
Whether there must be a wilful or intentional defiance of the powers of the court for a contempt to be punishable
Whether the use of the word "convicted" means that the applicant was being held for criminal contempt
Whether threatening to act in breach of a court order amounts to contempt of court
Whether truth of the matter published is a defence to contempt of court
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